Kingdom+Archaea

 Kingdom Archaea:   __ Nitrosopumilus maritimus __


 * ** Kingdom ** || ** Archaea ** ||
 * ** Phylum ** || ** Thaumarchaeota ** ||
 * ** Latin Name ** || ** Nitrosopumilus Maritimus ** ||

The Nitrosopumilus maritimus is one of the smallest living organisms in the world. Its size is only 0.2 micro meters. This bacterium is straight and rod shaped. It is usually found individually or in loose aggregates. The cell membrane is composed of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGT). This bacterium is used for oxidizing ammonia into nitrates to levels as low as 10 nanometres to sustain its life. The Nitrosopumilus maritimus bacteria are thought to be one of the main contributors to the carbon and the nitrogen cycle. The isolation of candidatus “Nitrosopumilus Maritimus” ancestry breed gave the opportunity for connecting its chemolithotrophic traits with a genomic record of the archaea found around the world. This revealed that the N. Maritimus bacteria had different traits from other known ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. This bacterium has a high copper-dependant system for ammonia oxidation and electron transport. The N. Maritimus is an autotrophic organism. It uses energy from the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite. This bacterium is certainly one of the most important organisms in global biogeochemical cycles. Chemolithotrophy enables organisms to inhabit oligotrophic environments where they may function as important primary producers. The oxidation of ammonia from this bacterium may explain the success of some marine Crenarchaeota in ecological niches such as deep-ocean and polar surface waters in winters.
 * Appearance and behaviour: [[image:http://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/images/2/2f/Stoichiometric.png width="535" height="339" align="right" caption="conversion of ammonium to nitrite in a pure culture of N. maritimus" link="http://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/File:Stoichiometric.png"]] **

Nitrosopumilus Maritimus is a ubiquitous bacterium, meaning it seems to be everywhere at the same time, living in the marine and some terrestrial environments. It is extremely common and lives mostly in salt water around the world.
 * Habitat and Location: **

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===Nitrosopumilus maritimus (Nitrosopumilus maritimus SCM1) Genome Browser Gateway. (n.d.). //UCSC Archaeal Genome Browser//. Retrieved November 9, 2010, from []===

Nitrosopumilus maritimus - MicrobeWiki. (n.d.). //MicrobeWiki//. Retrieved November 9, 2010, from []
===Nitrosopumilus maritimus genome reveals unique mec... [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010] - PubMed result. (n.d.). //National Center for Biotechnology Information//. Retrieved November 9, 2010, from []===

Nitrosopumilus maritimus. (n.d.). //UniProt//. Retrieved November 9, 2010, from []
=== nitrosopumilus maritimus scm1. (n.d.). //nitrosopumilus maritimus scm1//. Retrieved November 9, 2010, from genome.jgi-psf.org/nitma/nitma.home.html [] ===